Drug Class
Antimetabolite-drugs of this class alter the synthesis or function of RNA and DNA, resulting in suppression of T and B lymphocytes.
Mechanism of Action
This medication is primarily used to prevent kidney transplant rejection and to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis. It is also used to treat autoimmune diseases such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, systemic vasculitis and Crohn’s disease.
Dosage Regimens
Condition |
Oral Dosage |
Kidney transplant rejection |
Initial: 3-5 mg/kg daily |
Systemic Vasculitis/Lupus Nephritis |
Initial: 1-2 mg/kg daily |
Contraindications
You should NOT use this medication if you are allergic to azathioprine or if you are pregnant.
Common Side Effects
- Liver toxicity
- Decreased white blood cell count (leukopenia)
- Decreased red blood cell count (anemia)
- Decreased platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
- Increased risk of Infections
- Cancer
Drug Interactions
| Drug Name | Interaction |
Allopurinol (Zyloprim®) |
May enhance side effects of azathioprine. |
Cyclosporine (Neoral®, Sandimmune®, Gengraff®) |
Azathioprine may decrease cyclosporine concentrations in the blood. |
Patient Instructions
- Azathioprine is used to prevent rejection in kidney transplants and to treat autoimmune diseases such as lupus nephritis and systemic vasculitis.
- DO NOT use this medication if you are allergic to it.
- If you forget to take your medicine or miss a dose, take it as soon as possible. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine on schedule. Do not take extra medicine to make up for missed doses.
- This medicine should be stored in a tightly closed container at room temperature, and away from heat, moisture and direct light.
